scipy: BUG: cKDtree.query no longer accepts DataFrame as input

Describe your issue.

Under scipy 1.10.1, scipy.spatial.cKDTree.query method accepts a pandas.DataFrame as an input to x. Once updated to 1.11.1 or 1.11.0, this no longer works and returns an error.

1.10.1 does not emit any deprecation on that front and I haven’t found anything in the release notes so I believe this is actually a regression.

Reproducing Code Example

import scipy.spatial
import pandas as pd

points = [
    [66.22, 32.54], 
    [22.52, 22.39], 
    [31.01, 81.21],
    ]

tree = scipy.spatial.cKDTree(points, 10)
tree.query(pd.DataFrame(points), 1)

Error message

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[1], line 11
      4 points = [
      5     [66.22, 32.54], 
      6     [22.52, 22.39], 
      7     [31.01, 81.21],
      8     ]
     10 tree = scipy.spatial.cKDTree(points, 10)
---> 11 tree.query(pd.DataFrame(points), 1)

File _ckdtree.pyx:794, in scipy.spatial._ckdtree.cKDTree.query()

File ~/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pandas/core/generic.py:1466, in NDFrame.__nonzero__(self)
   1464 @final
   1465 def __nonzero__(self) -> NoReturn:
-> 1466     raise ValueError(
   1467         f"The truth value of a {type(self).__name__} is ambiguous. "
   1468         "Use a.empty, a.bool(), a.item(), a.any() or a.all()."
   1469     )

ValueError: The truth value of a Series is ambiguous. Use a.empty, a.bool(), a.item(), a.any() or a.all().

SciPy/NumPy/Python version and system information

1.11.0 1.24.4 sys.version_info(major=3, minor=11, micro=4, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
Build Dependencies:
  blas:
    detection method: pkgconfig
    found: true
    include directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/include
    lib directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/lib
    name: blas
    openblas configuration: unknown
    pc file directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/lib/pkgconfig
    version: 3.9.0
  lapack:
    detection method: pkgconfig
    found: true
    include directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/include
    lib directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/lib
    name: lapack
    openblas configuration: unknown
    pc file directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/lib/pkgconfig
    version: 3.9.0
  pybind11:
    detection method: pkgconfig
    include directory: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/include
    name: pybind11
    version: 2.10.4
Compilers:
  c:
    commands: arm64-apple-darwin20.0.0-clang
    linker: ld64
    name: clang
    version: 15.0.7
  c++:
    commands: arm64-apple-darwin20.0.0-clang++
    linker: ld64
    name: clang
    version: 15.0.7
  cython:
    commands: cython
    linker: cython
    name: cython
    version: 0.29.35
  fortran:
    commands: /Users/runner/miniforge3/conda-bld/scipy-split_1687763513919/_build_env/bin/arm64-apple-darwin20.0.0-gfortran
    linker: ld64
    name: gcc
    version: 12.2.0
  pythran:
    include directory: ../../../_build_env/venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/pythran
    version: 0.13.1
Machine Information:
  build:
    cpu: x86_64
    endian: little
    family: x86_64
    system: darwin
  cross-compiled: true
  host:
    cpu: arm64
    endian: little
    family: aarch64
    system: darwin
Python Information:
  path: /Users/martin/mambaforge/envs/pointpats_dev/bin/python
  version: '3.11'