prisma: `prisma migrate dev` fails with P3005 error on second run (empty db)

Bug description

When running npx prisma migrate dev for the second time on a non-empty database, the command fails with the error

Error: P3005 The database schema is not empty.

and the __prisma_migrations table gets deleted.

Checked that I am using the latest version of Prisma. Enabled debug logs and checked them for more detailed error messages. Reset the development database using npx prisma migrate reset. Checked that the Prisma schema and database schema are in sync. Manually dropped and recreated the database. Validated the database connection using other tools. Reinstalled node modules.

None of these steps resolved the issue.

How to reproduce

Initialize a new Prisma project with a new database. Run npx prisma migrate dev - this works as expected. Run npx prisma migrate dev a second time - this results in the Error: P3005 The database schema is not empty.

Expected behavior

npx prisma migrate dev should be able to be run multiple times without errors, as long as the Prisma schema has not changed.

Prisma information

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

datasource db {
  provider          = "postgresql"
  url               = env("POSTGRES_PRISMA_URL")
  directUrl         = env("POSTGRES_URL_NON_POOLING")
  shadowDatabaseUrl = env("POSTGRES_URL_NON_POOLING")
}

model User {
  id            String         @id @default(uuid())
  createdAt     DateTime       @default(now()) @map("created_at")
  updatedAt     DateTime       @updatedAt @map("updated_at")
}

Environment & setup

• OS: macOS
• Database: PostgreSQL
• Node.js version: v18.14.0

Prisma Version

Prisma version: 4.14

Full error log

prisma:engines  binaries to download libquery-engine, migration-engine +0ms
  prisma:loadEnv  project root found at /Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/package.json +0ms
  prisma:tryLoadEnv  Environment variables loaded from /Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/.env +0ms
  prisma:getConfig  Using getConfig Wasm +0ms
  prisma:getConfig  config data retrieved without errors in getConfig Wasm +2ms
  prisma:loadEnv  project root found at /Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/package.json +3ms
  prisma:tryLoadEnv  Environment variables loaded from /Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/.env +3ms
Environment variables loaded from .env
Prisma schema loaded from prisma/schema.prisma
  prisma:getConfig  Using getConfig Wasm +2ms
  prisma:getConfig  config data retrieved without errors in getConfig Wasm +1ms
Datasource "db": PostgreSQL database "enigma-local-db", schema "public" at "localhost:5432"

  prisma:validate  Using validate Wasm +0ms
  prisma:getConfig  Using getConfig Wasm +1ms
  prisma:getConfig  config data retrieved without errors in getConfig Wasm +1ms
  prisma:getConfig  Using getConfig Wasm +0ms
  prisma:getConfig  config data retrieved without errors in getConfig Wasm +1ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:rpc  starting migration engine with binary: /Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/@prisma/engines/migration-engine-darwin-arm64 +0ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:rpc  SENDING RPC CALL {"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"devDiagnostic","params":{"migrationsDirectoryPath":"/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/prisma/migrations"}} +2ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:stderr  {"timestamp":"2023-05-14T06:44:52.224116Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Starting migration engine RPC server","git_hash":"d9a4c5988f480fa576d43970d5a23641aa77bc9c"},"target":"migration_engine"} +0ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:stderr  {"timestamp":"2023-05-14T06:44:52.248954Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Connecting to user-provided shadow database."},"target":"sql_schema_connector::flavour::postgres","span":{"name":"DevDiagnostic"},"spans":[{"name":"DevDiagnostic"}]} +25ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:stderr  {"timestamp":"2023-05-14T06:44:52.248971Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Resetting schema(s)","schemas_to_reset":"[\"public\"]"},"target":"sql_schema_connector::flavour::postgres","span":{"name":"DevDiagnostic"},"spans":[{"name":"DevDiagnostic"}]} +0ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:stderr  {"timestamp":"2023-05-14T06:44:52.3156Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Connecting to user-provided shadow database."},"target":"sql_schema_connector::flavour::postgres","span":{"namespaces":"None","name":"validate_migrations"},"spans":[{"name":"DevDiagnostic"},{"namespaces":"None","name":"validate_migrations"}]} +66ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:stderr  {"timestamp":"2023-05-14T06:44:52.31562Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Resetting schema(s)","schemas_to_reset":"[\"public\"]"},"target":"sql_schema_connector::flavour::postgres","span":{"namespaces":"None","name":"validate_migrations"},"spans":[{"name":"DevDiagnostic"},{"namespaces":"None","name":"validate_migrations"}]} +0ms
  prisma:migrate:dev  {
  devDiagnostic: '{\n  "action": {\n    "tag": "createMigration"\n  }\n}'
} +0ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:rpc  SENDING RPC CALL {"id":2,"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"applyMigrations","params":{"migrationsDirectoryPath":"/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/prisma/migrations"}} +135ms
  prisma:migrateEngine:rpc  {
  jsonrpc: '2.0',
  error: {
    code: 4466,
    message: 'An error happened. Check the data field for details.',
    data: {
      is_panic: false,
      message: 'The database schema is not empty. Read more about how to baseline an existing production database: https://pris.ly/d/migrate-baseline',
      meta: null,
      error_code: 'P3005'
    }
  },
  id: 2
} +1ms
Error: Error: P3005

The database schema is not empty. Read more about how to baseline an existing production database: https://pris.ly/d/migrate-baseline

    at Object.<anonymous> (/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/prisma/build/index.js:99361:25)
    at MigrateEngine.handleResponse (/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/prisma/build/index.js:99209:36)
    at LineStream2.<anonymous> (/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/prisma/build/index.js:99312:16)
    at LineStream2.emit (node:events:513:28)
    at addChunk (node:internal/streams/readable:324:12)
    at readableAddChunk (node:internal/streams/readable:297:9)
    at Readable.push (node:internal/streams/readable:234:10)
    at LineStream2._pushBuffer (/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/prisma/build/index.js:98988:17)
    at LineStream2._transform (/Users/my-user/Desktop/repositories/me/example-repo/node_modules/prisma/build/index.js:98982:8)
    at Transform._write (node:internal/streams/transform:175:8)