js-lingui: "Duplicate declaration" error when running "lingui extract" with NODE_ENV=production

Describe the bug I’ve recently upgraded my LinguiJS package versions from 2.7.0 to 2.7.2. Since the upgrade, my build step to extract language strings crashes with an error message about a duplicate declaration of Trans. After some experimentation, I discovered that this only happens when the NODE_ENV environment variable is production. If I set NODE_ENV to development or test, it works fine.

(I haven’t had time yet to try to replicate this error on a newly set-up project, so it’s possible it may be related to other quirks in my project.)

To Reproduce

Have a “Create React App” application with a file that imports {Trans} like so:

import { Trans } from "@lingui/macro"

export default function App() {
   return <Trans>This should be translated!</Trans>
}

Set up a script in package.json like so:

"scripts": {
  "extract": "NODE_ENV=production lingui extract --overwrite"
}

Run npm run extract
The npm run script crashes, with the error message TypeError: /path/to/project/src/file.js: Duplicate declaration "Trans"

Expected behavior lingui extract should complete successfully, with output like this:

Catalog statistics:
┌─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────┐
│ Language    │ Total count │ Missing │
├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────┤
│ en (source) │     293     │    -    │
│ en-x-intl   │     293     │   293   │
└─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────┘

(use "npm run add-locale <locale>" to add more locales)
(use "npm run extract" to update catalogs with new messages)
(use "npm run compile" to compile catalogs for production)

Additional context As mentioned above, this error only happens when running lingui with NODE_ENV=production. When I run it with NODE_ENV=development, it finishes successfully. That will probably be my workaround for the time being, because I imagine the NODE_ENV probably shouldn’t have any effect on the CLI scripts anyhow.

Here’s the full error stack from npm (with some file names changed):

/path/to/project/node_modules/@lingui/cli/api/compat.js:48
        throw e;
        ^

TypeError: /path/to/project/src/file.js: Duplicate declaration "Trans"
> 1 | import { Trans } from '@lingui/macro';
     |          ^
    at File.buildCodeFrameError (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/core/lib/transformation/file/file.js:261:12)
    at Scope.checkBlockScopedCollisions (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/scope/index.js:347:22)
    at Scope.registerBinding (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/scope/index.js:504:16)
    at Scope.registerDeclaration (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/scope/index.js:452:14)
    at Object.Declaration (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/scope/index.js:125:12)
    at NodePath._call (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/path/context.js:53:20)
    at NodePath.call (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/path/context.js:40:17)
    at NodePath.visit (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/path/context.js:88:12)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/context.js:118:16)
    at TraversalContext.visitMultiple (/path/to/project/node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/context.js:85:17)
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! project@0.1.0 extract: `NODE_ENV=production lingui extract --overwrite`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the project@0.1.0 extract script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

jsLingui version: 2.7.2
Your Babel config: Create React App
Babel version:

└─┬ react-scripts@2.1.3
  ├── babel-core@7.0.0-bridge.0 
  └─┬ jest@23.6.0
    └─┬ jest-cli@23.6.0
      ├─┬ jest-config@23.6.0
      │ └─┬ babel-core@6.26.3 
      │   └─┬ babel-register@6.26.0
      │     └── babel-core@6.26.3 
      └─┬ jest-runtime@23.6.0
        └── babel-core@6.26.3

About this issue

Original URL
State: closed
Created 5 years ago
Reactions: 2
Comments: 23 (9 by maintainers)

Most upvoted comments

I updated to @lingui/cli 3.7.1 and babel-plugin-macros 3.0.1 but I’m still seeing this issue.

+14

adamgruber on Mar 8, 2021

I was intrigued by @motionVector’s comment since I also noticed a change in the number of errors reported after updating the caniuse-lite db.

I was able to narrow it down to whether the Android 4.4.3 browser should be supported by babel or not. So in our case, lingui-extract works for the following browser list, because of the last rule:

  "browserslist": [
    ">0.2%",
    "not dead",
    "not ie <= 11",
    "not op_mini all",
    "not android 4.4.3"
  ]

(Of course, setting the 0.2% cutoff to a higher value would also work because it then excludes the old stock android browsers, too)

It looks like babel applies some transforms to the source code (~I couldn’t determine what features we used in the affected files and nowhere else, though~) when android 4.4.3 should be supported.

Without NODE_ENV=development, though, a lot of those declaration errors are still throws, suggesting that babel still does some incompatible transforms in that environment.

Update: I was able to figure out what “feature” triggered babel to interfere with the lingui macro: It was affecting files where we would do a destructuring assignment at the module level:

const { Foo } = { Foo: 42 }

iStefo on Aug 17, 2022

Any particular update on this one? not even sure why this ticket was closed.

Dependencies:

@lingui/cli: 3.11.1,
@lingui/macro: 3.11.1

Any updates on this?

EDIT: Confirmed that adding the NODE_ENV=development flag fixes the issue (I’m still on development anyway). But for production pipelines like the one stated above, this will cause an issue.

micahbule on Sep 20, 2021

me too at latest lingui

Still seeing this issue, even with NODE_ENV=production:

Invocation:

yarn run v1.22.10
$ NODE_ENV=production lingui extract --clean
Cannot process file XXX/index.tsx: Duplicate declaration "Trans"
> 1 | import { Trans } from '@lingui/macro';
    |          ^^^^^

package.json:

    "@lingui/loader": "^3.10.2",
    "@lingui/macro": "^3.10.2",
    "@lingui/react": "^3.10.2",
    "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0",
    [... elided for brevity]
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/core": "^7.14.8",
    "@lingui/cli": "^3.10.2",
    [... elided for brevity]
  }```

Exactly the same for me.

Manubi on Aug 2, 2021

no, not really stale…

ianatha on Feb 28, 2022

@maxfetz In the same way, I can try to fix this issue and other issues, you can contribute to. Your comment sucks and doesn’t help open-source for anything.

@micahbule

Confirmed that adding the NODE_ENV=development flag fixes the issue (I’m still on development anyway). But for production pipelines like the one stated above, this will cause an issue.

This is incorrect, on production pipelines the command lingui extract can use NODE_ENV=development and won’t affect your production bundle, since it’s an independent command.

I know this sucks somehow but we have life and we always try our best 😃 We’ll try to look at this as soon as possible.

Merry Xmas to everyone.

semoal on Dec 28, 2021

@tricoder42 This issue was automatically closed, but it’s still happening. If you just follow the tutorials from the website, you reach this error. Any news or plans to fix it?

Just in case it got forgotten somehow, or maybe i’m doing something wrong. I’m using:

"@lingui/cli": "^3.4.0",
"@lingui/macro": "^3.4.0",

namirsab on Jan 18, 2021

I also had this Problem after updating all my packages. NODE_ENV=development didn’t fix it. I found that the problem was the browserlists config. When I use “last 2 versions, not IE 11, not dead, > 2%” instead of only “last 2 versions” the error is fixed. I hope this helps someone else.

motionVector on Aug 4, 2022

Sorry for my little rant. I was very frustrated.

My project looks similar to this one: @ivandotv/nextjs-translation-demo

To reproduce the problem

Clone the repository.
run yarn
run yarn lang:extract

Now this only works under Linux and yarn. With npm and/or Window (and yarn) you need to set the environment variable with cross-env. (Maybe somebody knows why?)

But in all circumstances, it only works with NODE_ENV=development.

bernd-k1337 on Dec 28, 2021

I go insane but this error still lives on. Isn’t this the only outstanding purpose of this library??? Why the issue was closed. Even the NODE_ENV set to development is not helping!

bernd-k1337 on Dec 28, 2021

Still seeing this issue, even with NODE_ENV=production:

Invocation:

yarn run v1.22.10
$ NODE_ENV=production lingui extract --clean
Cannot process file XXX/index.tsx: Duplicate declaration "Trans"
> 1 | import { Trans } from '@lingui/macro';
    |          ^^^^^

package.json:

    "@lingui/loader": "^3.10.2",
    "@lingui/macro": "^3.10.2",
    "@lingui/react": "^3.10.2",
    "babel-plugin-macros": "^3.1.0",
    [... elided for brevity]
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@babel/core": "^7.14.8",
    "@lingui/cli": "^3.10.2",
    [... elided for brevity]
  }```

ianatha on Jul 22, 2021

This issue probably will be fixed next Tuesday, meanwhile you can pass NODE_ENV=development before lingui extract command. @namirsab

semoal on Jan 27, 2021