kwasm-operator: exec container process `/wasi_example_main.wasm`: Exec format error

Hi Team,

I was playing with the kwasm operator. I followed the steps in the official docs but encountered an error. Can you please assist me with this? A few days ago, it was working fine. Today, I checked again and encountered an error.

Environment Details:

Kubernetes Version: v1.28
Environment Type: Sandbox
CRI:  containerd 1.6.6

Working:

image (216)

Not Working:

image (217)

Error Output:

controlplane ~ ➜  kubectl logs pod/wasm-test-gmzpv
{"msg":"exec container process `/wasi_example_main.wasm`: Exec format error","level":"error","time":"2023-09-25T17:42:14.765200Z"}

Earlier, crun is managed by the kwasm operator; now, I have to install it manually. Did we update anything recently? Can you share any URL where I can read about this?

Thanks & Regards,

About this issue

  • Original URL
  • State: open
  • Created 9 months ago
  • Comments: 17 (7 by maintainers)

Commits related to this issue

Most upvoted comments

Hi @Tej-Singh-Rana,

I tried to reproduce your setup but can’t reproduce your issue.

Here is what I did: I got a VM from civo.com. I choose a Medium instance (2 CPU amd64 / 4 GB RAM / 50 GB Disk / Ubuntu 20.04) and set up a single node cluster after the official docs: https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/

Detailed steps

Install prerequisites

apt-get update
# apt-transport-https may be a dummy package; if so, you can skip that package
apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
mkdir /etc/apt/keyrings/
curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/Release.key | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
# This overwrites any existing configuration in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.28/deb/ /' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl containerd
apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl containerd

# Install helm
curl -LO https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.13.0-rc.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar xzf -
mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/

Set up cluster

modprobe br_netfilter
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16

export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl taint node kwasm-test-85a2-49a40b node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane:NoSchedule-

# Prepare config.toml
mkdir -p /etc/containerd/
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml

Install and test KWasm operator

# install latest shims with kwasm installer
helm repo add kwasm http://kwasm.sh/kwasm-operator/ --force-update
helm repo update
helm upgrade --install -n kwasm --create-namespace kwasm-operator kwasm/kwasm-operator \
  --set kwasmOperator.autoProvision="true" \
  --set kwasmOperator.installerImage="ghcr.io/kwasm/kwasm-node-installer:v0.3.0"

# deploy sidecar smoke tests
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/KWasm/kwasm-node-installer/releases/download/v0.3.0/deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/KWasm/kwasm-node-installer/releases/download/v0.3.0/runtimeclass.yaml

Test results

kubectl get all
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS      AGE
pod/lunatic-demo-6475554875-whcvs    2/2     Running   0             15m
pod/wasm-slight-6467bcc5bc-j9thq     2/2     Running   1 (11m ago)   15m
pod/wasm-spin-74c4cf5c77-xz6mn       2/2     Running   0             15m
pod/wasm-wws-888f6bc4b-9jxqc         2/2     Running   0             15m
pod/wasmedge-demo-5ff758d79-qqlz6    2/2     Running   0             15m
pod/wasmer-demo-857f947cb7-v9df7     2/2     Running   0             15m
pod/wasmtime-demo-56c78ddd95-5mnxn   2/2     Running   0             15m

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   33m

NAME                            READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/lunatic-demo    1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasm-slight     1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasm-spin       1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasm-wws        1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasmedge-demo   1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasmer-demo     1/1     1            1           15m
deployment.apps/wasmtime-demo   1/1     1            1           15m

NAME                                       DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/lunatic-demo-6475554875    1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasm-slight-6467bcc5bc     1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasm-spin-74c4cf5c77       1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasm-wws-888f6bc4b         1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasmedge-demo-5ff758d79    1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasmer-demo-857f947cb7     1         1         1       15m
replicaset.apps/wasmtime-demo-56c78ddd95   1         1         1       15m

> kubectl logs deployment/wasmedge-demo

This is a song that never ends.
Yes, it goes on and on my friends.
Some people started singing it not knowing what it was,
So they'll continue singing it forever just because...

This is a song that never ends.
Yes, it goes on and on my friends.
Some people started singing it not knowing what it was,
So they'll continue singing it forever just because...

This is a song that never ends.
Yes, it goes on and on my friends.
Some people started singing it not knowing what it was,
So they'll continue singing it forever just because...

This is a song that never ends.
Yes, it goes on and on my friends.
Some people started singing it not knowing what it was,
So they'll continue singing it forever just because...

KWasm.sh quickstart

I also tried the example from KWasm.sh, also without issues:

> kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/KWasm/kwasm-node-installer/main/example/test-job.yaml
runtimeclass.node.k8s.io/wasmedge unchanged
job.batch/wasm-test created

> kubectl logs job/wasm-test
Random number: 595037507
Random bytes: [45, 107, 189, 139, 130, 108, 35, 23, 246, 32, 34, 148, 196, 243, 92, 219, 16, 22, 100, 119, 30, 119, 26, 147, 228, 206, 237, 72, 3, 146, 78, 145, 87, 168, 48, 105, 104, 42, 241, 228, 25, 3, 145, 238, 57, 2, 241, 70, 249, 5, 31, 3, 171, 46, 224, 153, 86, 14, 136, 225, 103, 225, 38, 177, 113, 177, 29, 50, 222, 210, 98, 211, 59, 39, 186, 157, 178, 32, 99, 189, 197, 133, 11, 205, 241, 73, 195, 88, 229, 0, 233, 109, 106, 250, 39, 210, 17, 112, 164, 67, 51, 213, 86, 59, 17, 227, 72, 1, 109, 126, 228, 90, 183, 159, 83, 136, 203, 30, 210, 47, 9, 244, 227, 134, 8, 128, 78, 0]
Printed from wasi: This is from a main function
This is from a main function
The env vars are as follows.
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS: 443
PATH: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_ADDR: 10.96.0.1
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP: tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PORT: 443
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST: 10.96.0.1
KUBERNETES_PORT: tcp://10.96.0.1:443
HOSTNAME: wasm-test-lgdk9
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT: 443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PROTO: tcp
The args are as follows.
/wasi_example_main.wasm
File content is This is in a file

Summary

I used a CIVO Medium VM instance (2 CPU amd64 / 4 GB RAM / 50 GB Disk / Ubuntu 20.04) and here are the versions of the tools I used:

> uname -a
Linux kwasm-test-85a2-49a40b 5.4.0-132-generic #148-Ubuntu SMP Mon Oct 17 16:02:06 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
> containerd --version
containerd github.com/containerd/containerd 1.7.2
> kubeadm version
kubeadm version: &version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"28", GitVersion:"v1.28.2", GitCommit:"89a4ea3e1e4ddd7f7572286090359983e0387b2f", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2023-09-13T09:34:32Z", GoVersion:"go1.20.8", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
> helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.13.0-rc.1", GitCommit:"825e86f6a7a38cef1112bfa606e4127a706749b1", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.20.8"}

I have not been able to reproduce your problem. Is there anything I did that is different from your setup?

+1
0xE282B0 on Sep 27, 2023
  1. Ran the following command:
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
  1. Restarted the containerd service.

Content of the config.toml file:

disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2

[cgroup]
  path = ""

[debug]
  address = ""
  format = ""
  gid = 0
  level = ""
  uid = 0

[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_ca = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0

[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false

[plugins]

  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"

  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    device_ownership_from_security_context = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_proc_mount = false
    disable_tcp_service = true
    enable_selinux = false
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    enable_unprivileged_icmp = false
    enable_unprivileged_ports = false
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    netns_mounts_under_state_dir = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    sandbox_image = "k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6"
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    stats_collect_period = 10
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    systemd_cgroup = false
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      conf_template = ""
      ip_pref = ""
      max_conf_num = 1

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      ignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = false
      no_pivot = false
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          cni_conf_dir = ""
          cni_max_conf_num = 0
          container_annotations = []
          pod_annotations = []
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_path = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"

          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
            BinaryName = ""
            CriuImagePath = ""
            CriuPath = ""
            CriuWorkPath = ""
            IoGid = 0
            IoUid = 0
            NoNewKeyring = false
            NoPivotRoot = false
            Root = ""
            ShimCgroup = ""
            SystemdCgroup = false

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = "node"

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      config_path = ""

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]
    sampling_ratio = 1.0
    service_name = "containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"

  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    no_shim = false
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    shim_debug = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
    sched_core = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]
    rdt_config_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    async_remove = false
    base_image_size = ""
    discard_blocks = false
    fs_options = ""
    fs_type = ""
    pool_name = ""
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]
    root_path = ""
    upperdir_label = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]
    endpoint = ""
    insecure = false
    protocol = ""

[proxy_plugins]

[stream_processors]

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"

[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"

[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  gid = 0
  uid = 0
  1. Installed the operator from the below link:

https://kwasm.sh/quickstart/#installation

  1. Updated the installer with tag v0.3.0

https://github.com/KWasm/kwasm-node-installer/releases/tag/v0.3.0

  1. Restarted the containerd service.

Content of the config.toml file:

disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2

[cgroup]
  path = ""

[debug]
  address = ""
  format = ""
  gid = 0
  level = ""
  uid = 0

[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_ca = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0

[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false

[plugins]

  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"

  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    device_ownership_from_security_context = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_proc_mount = false
    disable_tcp_service = true
    enable_selinux = false
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    enable_unprivileged_icmp = false
    enable_unprivileged_ports = false
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    netns_mounts_under_state_dir = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    sandbox_image = "k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6"
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    stats_collect_period = 10
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    systemd_cgroup = false
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      conf_template = ""
      ip_pref = ""
      max_conf_num = 1

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      ignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = false
      no_pivot = false
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          cni_conf_dir = ""
          cni_max_conf_num = 0
          container_annotations = []
          pod_annotations = []
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_path = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"

          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
            BinaryName = ""
            CriuImagePath = ""
            CriuPath = ""
            CriuWorkPath = ""
            IoGid = 0
            IoUid = 0
            NoNewKeyring = false
            NoPivotRoot = false
            Root = ""
            ShimCgroup = ""
            SystemdCgroup = false

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = "node"

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      config_path = ""

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]
    sampling_ratio = 1.0
    service_name = "containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"

  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    no_shim = false
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    shim_debug = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
    sched_core = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]
    rdt_config_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    async_remove = false
    base_image_size = ""
    discard_blocks = false
    fs_options = ""
    fs_type = ""
    pool_name = ""
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]
    root_path = ""
    upperdir_label = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]
    endpoint = ""
    insecure = false
    protocol = ""

[proxy_plugins]

[stream_processors]

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"

[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"

[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  gid = 0
  uid = 0

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.lunatic]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-lunatic-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.slight]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-slight-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.spin]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-spin-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.wws]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-wws-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.wasmedge]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-wasmedge-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.wasmer]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-wasmer-v1"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.wasmtime]
    runtime_type = "/opt/kwasm/bin/containerd-shim-wasmtime-v1"
  1. Ran the sample tests:

https://kwasm.sh/quickstart/#wasm-runtime-configuration

  1. This time, I got a different error.
image (221)
+1
Tej-Singh-Rana on Sep 26, 2023
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