go: cmd/link: cross compile from MacOS to Windows with CGO_ENABLED=1 and -buildmode=c-archive not working

What version of Go are you using (go version)?

$ go version
go version go1.20.2 darwin/arm64

Does this issue reproduce with the latest release?

Yes

What operating system and processor architecture are you using (go env)?

$ go env
GO111MODULE=""
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/Users/wsong/Library/Caches/go-build"
GOENV="/Users/wsong/Library/Application Support/go/env"
GOEXE=".exe"
GOEXPERIMENT=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="arm64"
GOHOSTOS="darwin"
GOINSECURE=""
GOMODCACHE="/Users/wsong/go/pkg/mod"
GONOPROXY=""
GONOSUMDB=""
GOOS="windows"
GOPATH="/Users/wsong/go"
GOPRIVATE=""
GOPROXY="https://goproxy.cn"
GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
GOSUMDB="sum.golang.org"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/darwin_arm64"
GOVCS=""
GOVERSION="go1.20.2"
GCCGO="gccgo"
GOAMD64="v1"
AR="x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc"
CC="x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc"
CXX="clang++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD="/Users/wsong/Development/test/go.mod"
GOWORK=""
CGO_CFLAGS="-O2 -g"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-O2 -g"
CGO_FFLAGS="-O2 -g"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-O2 -g"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-m64 -mthreads -Wl,--no-gc-sections -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/var/folders/lr/s8_5072s6cs602ksv8tv5myh0000gn/T/go-build2849677897=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"

What did you do?

I have following files in my folder:

example/ go.mod   test.c   test.go
./example:
main.c

wsong@Work: ~/Development/test $ cat go.mod
module test

go 1.20
wsong@Work: ~/Development/test $ cat test.c
// Functions exported by Go.
extern int Test();

int test() {
	Test();
	return 0;
}
wsong@Work: ~/Development/test $ cat test.go
package main

//#include "errno.h"
import "C"

func main() {}

//export Test
func Test() C.int {
	return 0
}

wsong@Work: ~/Development/test $ cat example/main.c 
extern int test();

int main(void) {
	test();
	return 0;
}

I run go build like this:

CGO_ENABLED=1 CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc AR=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -v -a -buildmode=c-archive .

Then go into example folder and run:

x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc main.c ../test.a

What did you expect to see?

a.exe is generated.

What did you see instead?

/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mingw-w64/10.0.0_5/toolchain-x86_64/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ld: /var/folders/lr/s8_5072s6cs602ksv8tv5myh0000gn/T//ccHcSIoc.o:main.c:(.text+0xe): undefined reference to `test’ collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status