vscode-code-runner: /bin/sh: ts-node: command not found

You need either put ts-node in your PATH environment variable, or set the path of ts-node in File->Preference->Settings:

"code-runner.executorMap": {
    "typescript": "node_modules/.bin/ts-node"
}

My solution is:

 "code-runner.executorMap": {
    "typescript": "node -r ts-node/register",
    "javascript": "node"
  }

I think it’s better than the solution @formulahendry provided. You don’t need care about the path like this: ${whatever PATH}/node_modules/.bin/ts-node. Because the PATH often changes.

npm install -g ts-node

Since Code Runner supports several languages and user is able to customize the path, we will not support this feature. You could udpate executorMap per your need.